Which amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishments?

The Eighth Amendment of the United States Constitution explicitly prohibits cruel and unusual punishments. This amendment is a fundamental component of the Bill of Rights and is critical in protecting individuals from excessive penalties and inhumane treatment by the state. The language of the amendment aims to ensure that punishments are proportional to the crimes committed and that they do not descend into barbarity or torture.

In the context of criminal justice and detention training, understanding the Eighth Amendment is essential for ensuring that policies and practices align with constitutional protections. It serves as a safeguard against harsh sentencing and promotes humane treatment within detention facilities, ensuring that individuals' rights are upheld even while they are incarcerated.

The other amendments mentioned in the choices focus on different rights. The Sixth Amendment pertains to the right to a fair trial, the Seventh Amendment addresses the right to jury trials in civil cases, and the Fourteenth Amendment includes due process and equal protection clauses but does not specifically address punishment. Thus, the Eighth Amendment is the one that directly addresses the issue of cruel and unusual punishments.