Which federal act specifically addresses equal employment opportunity and discrimination?

The choice that specifically addresses equal employment opportunity and discrimination is Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. This landmark legislation was enacted in 1964 and is fundamental in prohibiting discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in various aspects of employment, including hiring, firing, promotions, and compensation.

Title VII ensures that all individuals have equal opportunities in the workforce, and it empowers individuals who have experienced discrimination to seek legal remedies. This act is a critical component of federal employment law and has been pivotal in advancing civil rights in the workplace, shaping policies and practices across various industries.

In contrast, the other acts listed serve different purposes: the Americans with Disabilities Act focuses on preventing discrimination against individuals with disabilities; the Fair Labor Standards Act regulates minimum wage and overtime pay; while the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act pertains to mass layoffs and plant closings, requiring employers to provide advance notice. Therefore, Title VII stands out as the specific legislation aimed at ensuring equal employment opportunity and combating discrimination in the workplace.